The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 seasons.